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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-.Sheet 1.

y J. J. PAULKNER.

RBPRIGERATING APPARATUS.

Patented Jan. A2, 1894.

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(lNo Model.)

I J. J'. rAULKNBR. REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

Patented Jenl 1894 New AV Y,

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JAMES J. EAULKNER, oF MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE, ASSieNoE or ONE-HALE To GEORGE w. WASI-IBURN, 0E SAME PLACE.

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 512,175, dated January 2, 1894.

ApplicationfiledDecemher 26, 1890. Serial No. 375.796- (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern: v

Be it known that I, JAMES J. FAULKNEE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Memphis, in the county of Shelby and State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Refrigerating Apparatus, of which the following is a Specification.

In my invention it is designed to provide suitable ice making apparatus and Suitable cold storage in a more economical and more efficient way than has been done heretofore, and the invention relates to that class of apparatus in which a liquid cooling medium is used, the temperature of the saine being reduced by evaporation of a portion of the liquid, the remainder passing on and surrounding the cells in which is placed the fresh water to be frozen 5 and the pipe which leads the liquid to the freezing chamber having interposed therein a coil or coils in a housing, through which air is drawn previously to being supplied to the cold storage chamber. The evaporation is arranged to take place from the small ilow of the liquid over a large coil through which the body of the liquid passes, such evaporation being greatly assisted by fans and an electric current.

My invention will be more fully understood by referring to the accompanying drawings, in Which Figure I is a diagrammatic representation of my entire system. Fig. Il is a vertical transverse Section of the cooling coil, and Fig. III is a section through the coil for cooling the liquid, showing the peculiar constructionof the same. A

A represents any suitable freezing chainber, B a pump, C a cooling coil, D suitable fans placed on opposite sides of the cooling coil, and preferably rotated in opposite di` rections, E an air cooling chamber, F a fan for drawing air through said chamber and G a cold storage room. His an electric generator of any suitable nature. These form the principal features of my invention, and they may be varied in construction, arrangement or location at will.

In the operation of my device the liquid is supplied to the chamber A, passes therefrom through a pipe 1 having a cut-o 2, into the pump B, of any desired form,thence through a hollow shaft 4 on which is mounted one of the fans D, said pipe communicating with the center of the spiral coil C, thence by Way ot' a pipe 5 to the air cooling chamber E formed of a coil 6 therein, thence by way of pipe 7 back into the freezing chamber A. At the connection of the pipe 3 with the coil C just within a collar 8 is an aperture 9 of small diameter through which a portion of the liquid may escape. The coil C has wound tightly around its pipe 5, a wire 10, and around this wire is secured a seamless porous covering 1l. The coils of this wire 10 are at such a distance apart that a spiral annular space is left between the outer surface of the pipe and the porous covering 11.

12 is a ring or collar for making a watertight connection at the end of the porous covering with the pipe. This collar is similar to the collar 8 which performs the same fuuction at the center of the coil. It will thus be seen that the liquid forced through the opening 9 by the pressure of the pump will pass around and follow the spiral annular space in the coil C, and will gradually permeate through the pores of the material and evaporate from the outside, thus carrying o the heat and lowering greatly the temperature of the liquid. The electric generator has conductors 13, 14, connected respectively to the pipe 3 where it enters the hollow shaft, and the pipe 5 where it connects with the outer end of the coil. A Strong current of electricity passing through the pipe 3 and the coil greatly assists in lowering the temperature.

15 is a branch pipe running from the pipe 5 directly to the freezing chamber so that the liquid may be returned without passing through the coil G if desired. The pipes 15 and 5 have cut-offs 16 and 17 respectively, for the purpose of controlling the passage of the liquid therethrough. The construction of the freezing chamber as stated, may be of any preferred form, consisting in the present instance of an outer casing and a number of transverse cells 18 supported therein, and arranged in any preferable manner.

The fan F whose eye 19 communicates with the air cooling chamber Eserves to draw the air through said chamber whereby it is cooled IOO by contact with the coil 6 and discharged through a passage 37 into a cold storage room G. This fan F may be driven by a pulley 2O having suitable band 2l driven from any desired point.

22 is a standard having` boxes 28 in which are journaled the shafts 4 and 24 carrying on their ends in close proximity to the coil C (which is secured in vertical position) fans D which are preferably rotated in opposite directions by pulleys 25 also mounted on the shafts.

26 is an additional. pulley having a belt 27 which passes over a pulley 28 on a shaft 29, which shaft has a Wrist pin 30, pitman 3l and connecting rod 32 on one side, and a continuation 33 on the other; the wrist pin driving` the pump B and the continuation 33 having mounted thereon the armature 3l of a suitable dynamo electric machine.

From the above description it will be seen that as the liquid is circulated by the pump B to the chamberA coil C, coil 6 and back to chamber A again, a portion thereof will have permeated through the porous covering 1l of the coil C and will be rapidly evaporated by the oppositely rotated fans B and the temperature thereby lowered, and a continuous and rapid circulation of the same will result in a Very great lowering of the temperature,

land an intense cold may be obtained for the purposes hereinbefore specified.

The liquid preferred to be used in this apparatus is a saturated solution of common salt or a brine of any desired strength, though it is obvious that I do not limit myself to any particular liquid. The cells 1S mayof course be removed and emptied as soon as the ice becomes solid, filled with fresh water and replaced, and the freezing solution may be replenished at any time by pouring the same into the chamber A, or a reservoir above said chamber with a constant but properly regulated ow may be used.

The covering of the coil C is preferably of leather but it may be made of other material such as an asbestus fabric or other material which would properly perform the functions I have herein assigned to it.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

l. The combination with the chamber A,

pipe connection leading therefrom, the coil C consisting of a porous covering and contained pipe and with which said pipe connection communicates having intermediately of its covering and contained pipe, a spiral wire forming a water-space, fans D D for cooling said coil and the return pipe 5 leading from the coil to the freezing chamber, as and for the purposes explained.

2. The combination with the chamber A, a coil C, consisting of an absorbent covering and contained pipe having between them a wire forming a 'spiral annular water-space a pipe leading from the chamber to the coil, a pipe leading from the coil to the chamber and fan for cooling said coil, said coil having an opening whereby a portion of the liquid may liow around the outside of said coil and be evaporated and cool the same, as herein set forth.

3. The'combination in a refrigerating system, of a freezing chamber A, a pump B, connected to said freezing chamber by a pipe 1, a cooling coil C, a pipe 3, connecting said cooling coil, to said pump, air-cooling chamber E, a pipe 5 connecting said cooling coil and air-cooling chamber, a pipe 7 connecting said freezing chamber and air cooling chamber and a cold-storage chamber G, having a passage 37 communicating with the air-cooling chamber, as explained, substantially as set forth.

4. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of the liquid containing chamber, a pump, a vertical perforate coil having an absorbent covering, pipes establishing connection for the circulation of liquid through the chamber, pump and coil, and a pair of fans located in close proximity on opposite sides of the vertical coil for causing evaporation at the surface, all substantially as set forth.

JAMES J. FAULKNER.

Witnesses:

F. P. PosToN, A. I-I. Pos'roN. 

